This chapter describes how to add a disk to a SPARC system.For information on the procedures associated with adding a disk to a SPARC system, see Adding a System Disk or a Secondary Disk (Task Map).For overview information about disk management, see Chapter 10, Managing Disks (Overview). For step-by-step instructions on adding a disk to an x86 based system, see Chapter 13, x86: Adding a Disk (Tasks). The following task map identifies the procedures for adding a disk to a SPARC based system.Task Description For Instructions 1. Connect the disk and boot. System DiskConnect the new disk and boot from a local or remote Solaris CD or DVD. How to Connect a System Disk and Boot Secondary Disk Connect the new disk and perform a reconfiguration boot so that the system will recognize the disk. How to Connect a Secondary Disk and Boot 2. Create slices and label the disk. Create disk slices and label the disk if the disk manufacturer has not already done so. How to Create Disk Slices and Label a Disk 3. Create file systems. Create UFS file systems on the disk slices by using the newfs command. You must create the root (/) or /usr file system, or both, for a system disk. How to Create a UFS File System 4. Restore file systems. Restore the root (/) or /usr file system, or both, on the system disk. If necessary, restore file systems on the secondary disk. Chapter 26, Restoring Files and File Systems (Tasks) 5. Install boot block. System Disk Only. Install the boot block on the root (/) file system so that the system can boot. How to Install a Boot Block on a System Disk A system disk contains the root (/) or /usr file systems, or both. If the disk that contains either of these file systems becomes damaged, you have two ways to recover:You can reinstall the entire Solaris OS. Or, you can replace the system disk and restore your file systems from a backup medium. A secondary disk does not contain the root (/) and /usr file systems. A secondary disk usually contains space for user files. You can add a secondary disk to a system for more disk space. Or, you can replace a damaged secondary disk. If you replace a secondary disk on a system, you can restore the old disk's data on the new disk. This procedure assumes that the system is shut down. Disconnect the damaged system disk from the system. Ensure that the disk you are adding has a different target number than the other devices on the system.Typically, a small switch is located at the back of the disk for this purpose. Connect the replacement system disk to the system and check the physical connections.Refer to the disk's hardware installation guide for details. Follow the instructions in the following table, depending on whether you are booting from a local Solaris CD or DVD or a remote Solaris CD or DVD from the network.Boot Type Action From a Solaris CD or DVD in a local drive 1. Make sure the Solaris Software 1 CD or the Solaris DVD is in the drive.2. Boot from the media to single-user mode:ok boot cdrom -s From the network Boot from the network to single-user mode: ok boot net -s After a few minutes, the root prompt (#) is displayed. After you boot the system, you can create slices and a disk label on the disk. Go to How to Create Disk Slices and Label a Disk. If you are adding a disk with an EFI disk label, see EFI Disk Label for more information.For more information about hot-plugging devices, see Chapter 6, Dynamically Configuring Devices (Tasks). Become superuser or assume an equivalent role. If the disk type is unsupported by the Solaris software, add the device driver for the disk by following the instructions included with the hardware. For information on creating a format.dat entry for the disk, see How to Create a format.dat Entry, if necessary. Shut down the system.# shutdown -i0 -gn -yi0Changes to run level 0, the power-down state. gnNotifies logged-in users that they have n seconds before the system begins to shut down. ySpecifies that the command should run without user intervention. The ok prompt is displayed after the Solaris OS is shut down. Turn off the power to the system and all external peripheral devices. Ensure that the disk you are adding has a different target number than the other devices on the system.Typically, a small switch is located at the back of the disk for this purpose. Connect the disk to the system and check the physical connections. Refer to the disk's hardware installation guide for details. Turn on the power to all external peripheral devices. Turn on the power to the system.The system boots and displays the login prompt. After you boot the system, you can create slices and a disk label on the disk. Go to How to Create Disk Slices and Label a Disk. Become superuser or assume an equivalent role. Invoke the format utility. # formatA numbered list of available disks is displayed. For more information, see format1M. Type the number of the disk that you want to repartition. Specify disk (enter its number): disk-numberdisk-number is the number of the disk that you want to repartition. Select the partition menu.format> partition Display the current partition (slice) table.partition> print Start the modification process. partition> modify Set the disk to all free hog.Choose base (enter number) [0]?1For more information about the free hog slice, see Using the Free Hog Slice. Create a new partition table by answering y when prompted to continue.Do you wish to continue creating a new partition table based on above table[yes]? y Identify the free hog partition (slice) and the sizes of the slices when prompted.When adding a system disk, you must set up slices for:root (slice 0) and swap (slice 1) /usr (slice 6) After you identify the slices, the new partition table is displayed.For an example of creating disk slices, see Example 12–1. Make the displayed partition table the current partition table by answering y when prompted.Okay to make this the current partition table[yes]? yIf you do not want the current partition table and you want to change it, answer no and go to Step 6. Name the partition table.Enter table name (remember quotes): "partition-name"where partition-name is the name for the new partition table. Label the disk with the new partition table after you have finished allocating slices on the new disk.Ready to label disk, continue? yes Quit the partition menu.partition> q Verify the disk label.format> verify Exit the format utility.format> q The following example shows the format utility being used to divide a 18-Gbyte disk into three slices: one slice for the root (/) file system, one slice for the swap area, and one slice for the /usr file system.# format AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS: 0. /dev/rdsk/c1t0d0s0 <SUN18G cyl 7506 alt 2 hd 19 sec 248> /sbus@2,0/QLGC,isp@2,10000/sd@0,0 1. /dev/rdsk/c1t1d0s0 <SUN18G cyl 7506 alt 2 hd 19 sec 248> /sbus@2,0/QLGC,isp@2,10000/sd@1,0 2. /dev/rdsk/c1t8d0s0 <SUN18G cyl 7506 alt 2 hd 19 sec 248> /sbus@2,0/QLGC,isp@2,10000/sd@8,0 3. /dev/rdsk/c1t9d0s0 <SUN18G cyl 7506 alt 2 hd 19 sec 248> /sbus@2,0/QLGC,isp@2,10000/sd@9,0 Specify disk (enter its number): 0 selecting c1t0d0 [disk formatted] format> partition partition> print partition> modify Select partitioning base: 0. Current partition table (original) 1. All Free Hog Part Tag Flag Cylinders Size Blocks 0 root wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 1 swap wu 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 2 backup wu 0 - 7505 16.86GB (7506/0/0) 35368272 3 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 4 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 5 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 6 usr wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 7 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 Choose base (enter number) [0]? 1 table based on above table[yes]? yes Free Hog partition[6]? 6 Enter size of partition '0' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]: 4gb Enter size of partition '1' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]: 4gb Enter size of partition '3' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]: Enter size of partition '4' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]: Enter size of partition '5' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]: Enter size of partition '7' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]: Part Tag Flag Cylinders Size Blocks 0 root wm 0 - 1780 4.00GB (1781/0/0) 8392072 1 swap wu 1781 - 3561 4.00GB (1781/0/0) 8392072 2 backup wu 0 - 7505 16.86GB (7506/0/0) 35368272 3 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 4 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 5 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 6 usr wm 3562 - 7505 8.86GB (3944/0/0) 18584128 7 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 Okay to make this the current partition table[yes]? yes Enter table name (remember quotes): "disk0" Ready to label disk, continue? yes partition> quit format> verify format> quit The following example shows the format utility being used to divide a 18-Gbyte disk into one slice for the /export/home file system.# format /dev/rdsk/c1* AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS: 0. /dev/rdsk/c1t0d0s0 <SUN18G cyl 7506 alt 2 hd 19 sec 248> /sbus@2,0/QLGC,isp@2,10000/sd@0,0 1. /dev/rdsk/c1t1d0s0 <SUN18G cyl 7506 alt 2 hd 19 sec 248> /sbus@2,0/QLGC,isp@2,10000/sd@1,0 2. /dev/rdsk/c1t8d0s0 <SUN18G cyl 7506 alt 2 hd 19 sec 248> /sbus@2,0/QLGC,isp@2,10000/sd@8,0 3. /dev/rdsk/c1t9d0s0 <SUN18G cyl 7506 alt 2 hd 19 sec 248> /sbus@2,0/QLGC,isp@2,10000/sd@9,0 Specify disk (enter its number): 1 selecting c1t1d0 [disk formatted] format> partition partition> print partition> modify Select partitioning base: 0. Current partition table (original) 1. All Free Hog Choose base (enter number) [0]? 1 Part Tag Flag Cylinders Size Blocks 0 root wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 1 swap wu 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 2 backup wu 0 - 7505 16.86GB (7506/0/0) 35368272 3 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 4 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 5 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 6 usr wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 7 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 Do you wish to continue creating a new partition table based on above table[yes]? y Free Hog partition[6]? 7 Enter size of partition '0' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]: Enter size of partition '1' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]: Enter size of partition '3' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]: Enter size of partition '4' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]: Enter size of partition '5' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]: Enter size of partition '6' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]: Part Tag Flag Cylinders Size Blocks 0 root wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 1 swap wu 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 2 backup wu 0 - 7505 16.86GB (7506/0/0) 35368272 3 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 4 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 5 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 6 usr wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 7 unassigned wm 0 - 7505 16.86GB (7506/0/0) 35368272 Okay to make this the current partition table[yes]? yes Enter table name (remember quotes): "home" Ready to label disk, continue? y partition> q format> verify format> q # The following example shows how to use the format utility to divide a 1.15 terabyte disk with an EFI label into three slices.# format . . . partition> modify Select partitioning base: 0. Current partition table (original) 1. All Free Hog Choose base (enter number) [0]? 1 Part Tag Flag First Sector Size Last Sector 0 root wm 0 0 0 1 usr wm 0 0 0 2 unassigned wm 0 0 0 3 unassigned wm 0 0 0 4 unassigned wm 0 0 0 5 unassigned wm 0 0 0 6 usr wm 0 0 0 8 reserved wm 2576924638 8.00MB 2576941021 Do you wish to continue creating a new partition table based on above table[yes]? y Free Hog partition[6]? 4 Enter size of partition 0 [0b, 34e, 0mb, 0gb, 0tb]: Enter size of partition 1 [0b, 34e, 0mb, 0gb, 0tb]: Enter size of partition 2 [0b, 34e, 0mb, 0gb, 0tb]: 400gb Enter size of partition 3 [0b, 838860834e, 0mb, 0gb, 0tb]: 400gb Enter size of partition 5 [0b, 1677721634e, 0mb, 0gb, 0tb]: Enter size of partition 6 [0b, 1677721634e, 0mb, 0gb, 0tb]: Part Tag Flag First Sector Size Last Sector 0 unassigned wm 0 0 0 1 unassigned wm 0 0 0 2 usr wm 34 400.00GB 838860833 3 usr wm 838860834 400.00GB 1677721633 4 usr wm 1677721634 428.77GB 2576924637 5 unassigned wm 0 0 0 6 unassigned wm 0 0 0 8 reserved wm 2576924638 8.00MB 2576941021 Ready to label disk, continue? yes partition> q After you create disk slices and label the disk, you can create file systems on the disk. Go to How to Create a UFS File System. Become superuser or assume an equivalent role. Create a file system for each slice.# newfs /dev/rdsk/cwtxdyszwhere /dev/rdsk/cwtxdysx is the raw device for the file system to be created.For more information about the newfs command, see Chapter 17, Creating UFS, TMPFS, and LOFS File Systems (Tasks) or newfs1M. Verify the new file system by mounting it.# mount /dev/dsk/cwtxdysz /mnt # ls lost+found System Disk – You need to restore the root (/) and /usr file systems on the disk.Go to Chapter 26, Restoring Files and File Systems (Tasks). After the root (/) and /usr file systems are restored, install the boot block. Go to How to Install a Boot Block on a System Disk. Secondary Disk – You might need to restore file systems on the new disk. Go to Chapter 26, Restoring Files and File Systems (Tasks). If you are not restoring file systems on the new disk, you are finished adding a secondary disk. For information on making the file systems available to users, see Chapter 18, Mounting and Unmounting File Systems (Tasks). Become superuser or assume an equivalent role. Install a boot block on the system disk. # installboot /usr/platform/`uname -i`/lib/fs/ufs/bootblk /dev/rdsk/cwtxdys0/usr/platform/`uname -i`/lib/fs /ufs/bootblkIs the boot block code. /dev/rdsk/cwtxdys0Is the raw device of the root (/) file system. For more information, see installboot1M. Verify that the boot blocks are installed by rebooting the system to run level 3.# init 6 The following example shows how to install the boot block on an Ultra 10 system. # installboot /usr/platform/sun4u/lib/fs/ufs/bootblk /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0